# Introduction **Spoofs** or **Presentation Attacks** are representations of human face, used by Fraudsters to fool face biometric systems and carry out identity theft. SpoofSense Facial Liveness distinguishes a live person from a spoofing attack. This process is called **Liveness Detection** or **Presentation Attack Detection (“PAD”)**. Unlike most other systems that perform PAD, SpoofSense Facial Liveness does not require any action or movement. It requires just a single-frame selfie image, the same image that is often used by the facial biometric system to carry out face match. SpoofSense Facial Liveness is a passive liveness solution. Fraudsters use the following Presentation Attacks for Spoofing: * **Printed Photo Attack** - A fraudster prints photos of an individual and presents it in front of the camera during verification. * **Video Replay Attack** – A fraudster uses a digital screen of a phone or an iPad and presents a video of an individual being played on the digital screen in front of the camera to fool the verification system. * **Printed Mask Attack** – A fraudster places a cut out photo in front of their face during verification, often with cut-out holes so the impostor can blink, a common test of liveness for other systems. * **3D Mask Attack** – A fraudster creates a silicon or resin mask of an individual and presents it in front of his face during verification. SpoofSense Facial Liveness requires just a single image of the user, taken from the front camera of their phone. **SpoofSense On-Premise Docker Image:** * Facial Liveness Detection solution packaged as a self-hosted REST API docker container. SpoofSense returns a score and probability. You will use the probability to make a decision about liveness. The remainder of this documentation describes technical requirements and image samples and further provides instructions on how to run the SpoofSense Facial Liveness API. --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://spoofsense.gitbook.io/spoofsense-developer-documentation/introduction.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.